管道安装：Pipeline Installation: G、（一）基本要求：) Base requirement: （a）雨水管道应按设计规定的位置安装，悬吊管不设坡度、要水平安装。 Stormwater pipeline design requirements should be the location of installation, suspension control is管道安装：Pipeline Installation:
G、（一）基本要求：) Base requirement:
（a）雨水管道应按设计规定的位置安装，悬吊管不设坡度、要水平安装。
Stormwater pipeline design requirements should be the location of installation, suspension control is no slope to the level of the installation.
(b)雨水立管上应按设计要求设置检查口，检查口中心距地面1.0m。当采用高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)管时，检查口的最大设置间距不大于30m。
Rain on the riser design requirements should be set up checkpoints to check population centers from the ground 1.0m. When using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, the inspection interval I set up the largest not more than 30m.
(c)雨水横管与立管、立管与排出管的连接弯头采用两个45°弯头或R≥4D的90°弯头。
Horizontal rain and riser pipe, riser pipe from the connection with the use of two 45 ° elbow bend of R ≥ 4D or 90 ° elbow.
(d)雨水管穿过墙壁和楼板按要求设置套管。
Rain water pipe through the walls and floor in accordance with the requirements set casing.
(e)安装过程中，管道及雨水斗的敞开口应采取封堵措施。
The installation process, the buckets of rain water pipes and open closure measures to be taken by mouth.
(f)悬吊系统应避免穿越建筑沉降缝伸缩缝。当因现场情况无法避免时，应根据系统管材的特点，考虑不同管材的挠度，采取相应措施。
Suspension should be avoided through the construction joints settlement joint. As a result of the situation can not be avoided, the pipe should be based on the characteristics of the system, taking into account different pipe deflection, to take corresponding measures.
（a） HDPE管采用热熔对焊连接或电熔套管连接。
HDPE pipe to connect the use of hot-melt or fused welded casing connection.
(b) HDPE管采用管子切割机切割，切口垂直于管中心,在悬吊的HDPE水平管上使用电熔管箍，与固定件配合安装。
The use of HDPE pipe cutting machine pipe cutting, incision perpendicular to the pipe center, the level of suspension of HDPE pipe on the use of fused pipe hoop, with the installation of fixed items.
(c) HDPE管热熔对接连接：将需安装连接的两根PE管材同时放在热熔器夹具上(夹具可根据所要安装的管径大小更换夹瓦)，每根管材另一端用管支架托起至同一水平面。用电动旋刀分别将管材端面切平整，确保两管材接触面能充分吻合。将电加热板升温至210°C，放置两管材端面中间，操作电动液压装置使两端面同时完全与电热板接触加热。加热达到要求后，抽掉加热板，再次操作液压装置，使已熔融的两管材端面充分对接并锁定液压装置(防止反弹)。加热时管材卷边厚度、对接时间均要满足材料工艺要求，一般可参照厂家提供的技术参数及规范要求。
Butt Fusion HDPE pipe connection: will need to install the PE pipe to connect two devices at the same time fixture on the hot-melt (Fixture to be installed in accordance with the diameter size of the replacement tile folder), the other end of each pipe tube stent to hold the same level. Electric rotary knife cutting, respectively, the formation of pipe-end to ensure that the two tubes can be fully in line contact. Electric heating panels will heat up to 210 ° C, place the middle of the two end pipes, electro-hydraulic device to operate at both ends at the same time fully face contact with the electric heating plate. Meet the requirement of heating, the heating plate removed, re-operation of the hydraulic device so that the two have been fused pipe butt-end and fully hydraulic locking device (to prevent the rebound). When the thickness of the heating pipe crimping, butt time technology to meet the material requirements, manufacturers generally refer to the technical parameters and specifications.
(d)电熔连接：将PE管材完全插入电熔管件内，将专用电熔机两根导线分别接通电熔管件正负两极，接通电源，将预埋在电熔管件内的电热丝加热，使电熔管件与管材接触处材料在加热后熔接成一体。
Fused Connection: PE pipe will be completely fused tube inserted, the machine will be dedicated fused two wires were connected to positive and negative poles of fused pipe, connected to power, will be embedded in a fused tube filament of electric heat so fused pipe fittings and pipe materials in contact with heated Department weld into one.
H、 埋地管安装：The installation of buried pipe:
(a)由于系统压力较大，排出管宜采用能承压管，并在出户口管道管径加大二级，以便泄压，从而不会冲坏与其连接的雨水井。
As the system pressure is large, discharge pressure control should be used to control and increase the diameter of the pipe 2 accounts in order to relief, which will not be washed out of the rain water wells connected.
(b)埋地雨水管的埋没深度应在冰冻线以下，应考虑管线上部的荷载。
Buried depth of rain water pipe should be buried in the frozen line, consideration should be given to the upper part of the load pipeline.
(c)铸铁管可直接铺设在未经扰动的原土地基上；当不符合要求时，在管沟底部应铺设厚度不小于100mm的砂垫层。
Cast iron pipe can be installed directly, without the disturbance of land based on the original; when not in conformity with requirements, at the bottom of the trench should be installed not less than 100mm thickness of the sand cushion.
(d) HDPE管铺设在-般土质的管沟内铺一层厚度不小于100ram的砂垫层，在穿入检查井与井壁接触的管端部位涂刷两道粘结剂，并滚上粗砂，然后用水泥砂浆砌入，防止漏水，雨水立管的底部弯管处，应设混凝土支墩或采取牢固的固定措施。
The laying of HDPE pipe in - like a soil layer of the pipe trench Shop 100ram not less than the thickness of the sand cushion, in the inspection wells penetrated through contact with the wall of the pipe end 2 parts binder brushing and rolling on the sand , and then water into the sand mortar to prevent leakage of rainwater at the bottom of the riser pipe, the concrete buttress or should be fixed firmly to take measures.
I、灌水、通水试验：I. The test of irrigation and water
(a)埋地部分管道隐蔽前必须做灌水试验，试验合格后方可隐蔽。
Some hidden underground pipeline irrigation must be done before the trial can be hidden after passing.
(b)雨水斗安装后，必须对屋顶或天沟做灌水试验。试验时堵住所有雨水斗，向屋顶或天沟灌水。水位应淹没雨水斗，持续lh，雨水斗周围屋面或天沟应不渗漏，为合格。
After fighting the installation of rainwater must be done on the roof or water test Gutter. Test bucket rain blocked all of the roof or Gutter water. Bucket rain water should be submerged, continuous lh, Rainwater Gutter fighting around the roof should not leak or for the qualified.
(c)雨水管道安装后应做灌水试验，灌水高度必须到每个系统上部的雨水斗。高层建筑灌水可分段进行。满水15min，水面下降后，再灌满观察5min，液面不降，接口无渗漏为合格。
Rainwater pipes should be done after the installation of water testing, water height of the upper part of each system must be to fight the rain. Irrigation sub-high-rise buildings can be carried out. Water over 15min, drop in the water and then filled observation 5min, level did not fall, leak-free for qualified interface.
(d)材料Material
A、管材： The material of pipe:
应采用铸铁管、钢管(镀锌钢管、不锈钢管)及HDPE管材料。用于同一系统的管材和管件及虹吸式雨水斗的连接短管应采用相同材质，各种管材的验收详材料标准。
Should be cast iron pipe, steel pipe (galvanized steel, stainless steel pipe) and HDPE pipe material. For the same system of pipes and pipe fittings and rainwater syphonic short tube connecting the buckets should be used the same materials, all kinds of pipe material acceptance criteria are set.
B、雨水斗：Bucket rain:
（a）雨水斗应采用经水力测试的虹吸式雨水斗，且带有防涡流装置。
Rain bucket should be tested by hydraulic bucket siphon rain, and with the anti-eddy current device.
(b)设置于屋面上的虹吸式雨水斗，其接触片材质应和屋面防水材料相对应。对于采用沥青作为防水材料的屋面，可采用不锈钢的接触片。设置于天沟内的虹吸式雨水斗应带连接片，连接片材质应根据天沟材质确定。
Set up on the roof Siphon rain bucket, the contact piece of roofing material should be and the corresponding material. For the use of asphalt as a waterproofing roofing material, to be used in contact with stainless steel film. Set in the days of trench fighting rain syphonic tablets should be connected with connecting material film material should be determined in accordance with Gutter.
机具设备Equipment
电熔焊机、对接型热熔机、角磨机、电焊机、切割机、水平尺。
Electric welding machine, butt-type hot-melt machine, angle grinder, welding machine, cutting machine, horizontal ruler.
灌水试验Water Test
埋地管道、管井内立管、吊顶内横支管及有防结露要求的管道在隐蔽前需进行灌水试验。
其灌水高度不应低于底层卫生器具的上边缘或底层地面高度，灌水15min后，再灌满观察5min，液面不下降，管道及接口无渗漏为合格。
卫生间支管灌水试验，如果每层需要作闭水试验，气囊的安放有两种办法：一种是边安装边作，安装完成一层排水横支管，从三通甩口处放下气囊;一种是最后统一作，该层有检查口的，将气囊安设在检查口上方；该层无检查口的，将气囊接出一根5m长的气管(可用氧气带子)，将气囊从上层检查口慢慢往下放，估计气囊位于三通下方即可。
试压前通知有关人员，合格后验收签字，办理工序交接手续。然后把水泄净，再进行下道隐蔽工序工作。
Buried pipeline, within the riser tube, ceiling with horizontal branch pipe and the requirements of anti-condensation pipes in irrigation need to be hidden before the test.
Should not be lower than its high water sanitation equipment on the ground floor or the bottom edge of the high ground, water after 15min, and then filled observation 5min, liquid does not drop, no leakage of pipelines and qualified interface.
Toilet water test tube, each needs to be closed if the water tests, the installation of airbags in two ways: one is the installation of edge for edge, a layer of drainage installation is complete horizontal branches, from three to lay down their balloon off the mouth Department; one is for the final unification of the layer to check the mouth to check the airbags installed in the top of the mouth; the story without checking I would take out a balloon of the tracheal length 5m (available oxygen tape), will air from the upper mouth to check the slow down the release, it is estimated that air bags can be located in the bottom of three direct links.
Pressure test before informing the staff, signed after passing inspection, the procedures for the handover process. China's net and then the water and then cover the next process.
满水排泄试验Full of water excretion test
卫生器具交工前应100%做满水排泄试验。将卫生器具放满水，达到溢水口处，检查溢水口是否畅通，拔出塞堵，检查排水点的通畅情况、管路及各连接件有无堵塞及渗漏现象。合格后填写“灌(满)水试验记录”，报请项目监理部验收。
Sanitary ware hand over a completed project should be a full 100% test water excretion. Sanitary ware will be full of water, reached the mouth spillway, the spillway mouth to check the flow, pull out the block plug to check the patency of the drainage point, the pipe and the connector and plug the leakage of any phenomenon. Qualified to fill "irrigation (full) water test records", reported to the Commissioner of the Department of acceptance of the project.
通球试验Pass-the-ball test
A．项目划分及试验内容：一般按规范和设计要求分部位、分系统进行。排水水平干管、主立管应进行100%通球试验，并做记录。通球试验应在室内排水及卫生器具等安装全部完毕，通水检查合格后进行。管道试球直径应不小于排水管道管径的2/3，应采用体轻、易击碎的空心球体进行，通球率必须达到100%。
And test the contents of the project divided into: General design requirements in accordance with norms and sub-parts, sub-systems to carry out. The level of drainage pipe, the main riser should be 100% pass the ball test, and take notes. Test should pass the ball indoors sanitary ware, such as drainage and installation of all finished water after passing inspection. Test pipe should be not less than the ball diameter pipes diameter 2 / 3 should be used in weight and easy to crushing of the hollow spheres, and pass the ball to reach the 100 percent rate.
B。主要试验方法：B. The main test method:
排水立管应自立管顶部将试球投入，在立管底部引出管的出口进行检查，通水将试球从出口冲出。
a. Drainage riser pipe should be self-reliant in the ball at the top of the test, in the riser pipe at the bottom of the export of lead inspections, water will test the ball out from the export.
b.
横干管及引出管应将试球在检查管管段的始端投入，通水冲至引出管末端排出。室外检查井(结合井)处需加临地网罩，认便将试球截住取出。
Wang dry tubes and pipes should be led to try to check the ball before the end of pipe section of input water to pass from the end of extraction tube. Outdoor inspection wells (combination wells) would need to increase network temporary cover, try to identify the ball will be stopped out.
C．通球试验以试球通畅无阻为合格。若试球不通的，要及时清理管道的堵塞物并重新试验，直到合格为止。
Pass-the-ball Test is passed when the ball don’t meet stop. If the ball makes no sense to try to clean up in time to plug the pipe material and re-testing until qualified so far.
（三）薄壁不锈钢管道安装Thin-walled Stainless Steel Pipe Installation
1工艺流程Process Flow
施工准备 → 材料检查验收 → 测量下料 → 管件组对 → 支架制安 → 管道连接及法兰连接 → 试压冲洗 → 管道验收及保温 → 设备碰头 → 系统调试
Construction Preparation - Material Acceptance Inspection – Measurement and Blanking – Pipe Fittings Pairing – Support – Pipe Connection and Flange Connecton – Flushing and Pressure Test – Pipe Acceptance and Insulation – Equipment – System Debugging
2施工工艺Construction Technology
2.1室内生产生活冷水管、热水管全部采用薄壁不锈钢管；管径≥DN125采用沟槽连接,管径≤DN100采用卡压连接，不锈钢管进场后，应对管件进行认真检验，表面纵向应无明显划痕，管端平整无毛刺、裂缝、结疤、气孔。管件、材质、规格型号应与要求一致，并与其它金属材料分开堆放，防止其表面被砂石或其它金属等硬物划伤。
Cold water pipe and hot water pipe for indoor production and living are all produced with thin-walled stainless steel pipe: groove coupling when pipe diameter is ≥DN125 and compression connection when pipe diameter is ≤DN100. After the entry of stainless steel pipe, pipe fittings should be carefully examined to make sure that there is no obvious scratch on the vertical surface and the pipe end should be flat without burrs, crack, scars and stoma. Pipe fittings, material and specification should be as same as required. And pipe fittings should be separated from other metal materials to prevent scratch on the surface by something hard like sandstone or other metals.
2.2管道切割应用砂轮切割机（砂轮片为专用砂轮片）切,切割后用专用锉刀将管口内外的杂物和毛刺清理干净.夹持不锈钢管时，两侧应用木板或橡胶板衬垫，以免夹伤管壁。不锈钢管不得用气割进行切割和坡口。
Abrasive cutting machine (of which the grinding wheel should be particular) should be used for pipe cutting. After the cutting, use special file to clean sundries and burrs inside and outside the pipe orifice. Stainless steel pipe should have wood plank or rubber plate as pad on its two sides to prevent damage to the pipe wall when being helded. Gas cutting must not be used for cutting and bevelling of stainless steel pipe.
2.3不锈钢管安装前将不锈钢管切成所需之长度，注意断面必须与管道轴线垂直，并用专用锉刀将端面毛刺锉平和修光
Cut stainless steel pipe in required lengths before installing and make sure the cross section must remain vertical with pipe axis. And use special file to file away and dress smooth burrs at the end face.
2.4不锈钢管敷设时，不得有轴向扭曲，穿越墙体和楼地板时不得强制校正。安装完毕，不得有塌腰、拱起的波浪现象和扭曲的蛇弯现象
Stainless steel pipe must not have axial twist problem when laying and must not be forcefully regulated when penetrating wall and floor. Never allow to have contracted waist, arched waves and twist phenomenon after the installation.
2.5管道嵌墙时，热水管（除保温管道外）必须保证有一定伸缩余量，在其拐弯处，管件和墙体之间可设置发泡塑料或其他软性材料，且用水泥砂浆使其紧贴管件
When embedding pipes into the wall, make sure hot water pipes (except insulation pipes) have extend-retract allowance to some degree. Expanded plastic or other soft materials could be put between pipe fittings and walls at the corner and be made cling to pipe fittings with cement mortar.
2.6薄壁不锈钢管支、吊架安装位置应正确、平正、牢固。固定支架间距不宜大于15m，热水管固定支架的间距应根据管线热胀量、膨胀节允许补偿量等确定。固定支架宜设置在变径、分支、接口及穿越承重墙、楼板的两侧、立管底部、管道配水点、设备接管处。明装不锈钢管道的活动支架宜采用不锈钢支架或管卡，公称直径不大于25mm的管道安装时，也可采用塑料管卡，如选用其他金属（除铜外）支架或管卡时，两者接触面应采用木质或橡胶等软物隔垫
The support and hanger of thin-walled stainless steel pipe should have correct, even and firm installation position. The distance between mounting brackets should be no more than 15m and the distance between mounting brackets of hot water pipe should be determined according to thermal expansion volume of pipeline and compensation dosage of expansion joint allowed. Mounting brackets should be set at reducing nipples, branches, interfaces, penetrating loading bearing walls, two sides of floor, buttom of vertical pipe, pipe distribution points and where the equipment is to be taken over. Stainless steel pipe should have stainless steel support or pipe clamp as its movable support for unfold installation. Plastic pipe clamp could be also used for pipe installation when the nominal diameter is no more than 25mm. When other metals (except copper) are used as support or pipe clamp, soft shock insulators like wooden materials or rubber should be used at the interface.
2.7冷热水管安装完毕应进行试压冲洗，试压时应分段缓慢升压至试压值，冷水管道试验压力为管道系统工作压力的1.5倍，但不得小于0.6MPa,热水管道试验压力为管道系统顶点的工作压力加0.1Mpa，但系统顶点的试验压力不得小于0.3MPa，并保持10分钟无渗漏为合格，并做好记录
Flushing and pressure test should be carried out after the installatio of cold water pipes and hot water pipes. Pressure test should be done with pressure slowly raised to pressure test value segment by segment. The pressure for cold water pipe test is 1.5 times that of working pressure of pipe system and no less than 0.6 MPa, whereas the pressure for hot water pipe test is the working pressure of systme apex (which can not be less than 0.3Mpa) plus 0.1Mpa. Keeping the pressure for 10 minutes without leakage means the test is passed and at the same time take down records.
2.8饮用水管道在试压合格后宜采用低氯离子消毒液灌满管道进行消毒。消毒液在管道中应静置24h，排空后，再用饮用水清洗至符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB5749的要求后方可使用
Pipe for potable water should be sterilized in full pipe of low chloride disinfectant after pressure test is passed. Disinfectant should be left for rest of 24 hours in the pipe which after emptying of disinfectant is rinsed in potable water until it conforms to the requirements of Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water GB5749.
2.9不锈钢管安装、试压完后，要进行管道保温工作，保温材料采用橡塑，不同规格管道保温厚度如下 Pipe insulation is carried out after installation and pressure test of stainless steel pipe. The insulation material should adopt rubber and plastic. Insulation thickness for pipes of different specifications is as follows:
管 道（mm）
保 温 厚 度（mm）Insulation Thickness 30 40 50
3.0管道穿墙，楼板时，根据所穿构筑物的厚度及管径尺寸确定套管规格、长度，下料后套管内刷防锈漆一道，管道安装时，把预制好的套管穿好，套管应当高出地面50mm，下端与楼板面平，预埋上下层套管时，中心线需垂直，凡有管道煤气的房间，所有套管的缝隙均应按设计要求做填料严密处理
Determine the size and length of casing pipe according to the thickness of penetrated structure and pipe diameter during penetrating of pipes into walls and floors. Paint anti-rust varnish inside the casing pipe after blanking and prepare the prefabricated casing pipe with casing pipe 50mm higher than ground and its bottom at the same level as floor surface. Make sure their center lines remain vertical with each other when embedding upper and lower casing pipes. Deal with the gap of all casing pipes strictly following the stuffing operation as required by design in the rooms where there are gas pipes.
（四）钢管法兰连接Steel Pipe Flange Connection
1焊接式法兰连接Welded Flange Connection
1.1焊接法兰安装工序Flange Welding Installation Process
法兰装配→焊接→制垫→加垫→穿螺栓→坚固
Flange Assembly – Welding – Pad Making – Cushioning – Bolt Invasion – Fastening
（五）管道螺纹连接Pipe Thread Connection
1管道螺纹连接流程Pipe Thread Connection Process
断管→套丝→配装管件→管段调直→安装
Breaking Pipe – Threading Chasing – Pipe Fittings Assembly – Pipe Section Straightening – Installation
2管道螺纹连接注意事项Cautions for Pipe Thread Connection
2.1加工管螺纹的套丝机必须带有自动度量设备，加工螺纹时，使用螺纹量规检查螺纹是否符合管道螺纹锥度的标准（JIS B 0203）
The threading machine for thread processing must have automatic measurement devices so as to check whether threads comply with the standard of thread taper (JIS B 0203) in threads processing.
2.2管道螺纹连接采用电动套丝机进行加工，加工次数为1～4次不等。管径15～32mm套2次；管径40～50mm套3次；管径70mm以上套3～4次
Use electric pipe threading machine for processing of pipe thread connection for 1~4 processing times. 2 times for 15~32mm of pipe diameter, 3 times for 40~50mm of pipe diameter and 3~4 times for 70mm of pipe diameter.
2.3螺纹的加工做到端正、清晰、完整光滑，不得有毛刺、断丝，缺丝总长度不得超过螺纹长度的10%
The processing of threads should be done to make threads upright, clear, complete and smooth without burrs, broken ends and the total length of short of wire should be no more than 10% of the length of threads.
2.4螺纹连接时，填料采用白厚漆麻丝或四氟乙烯生料带，一次拧紧，不得回拧，紧后留有螺纹2～3圈
Fillers for thread connection should be white hemp thread or PTFE raw material belt. Threads should be fastened tight one-time with 2~3 circles of threads left and re-fastening is not allowed.
2.5管道连接后，把挤到螺纹外面的填料清理干净，填料不得挤入管腔，以免阻塞管路，同时对裸露的螺纹进行防腐处理
Clear the fillers outside of threads after pipe connection. Fillers could not be squashed into the pipe to avoid block. At the same time, antiseptic treatment should be done to the naked threads.
2.6喷淋支管应分两次安装，第一次必须在吊顶前将水平横管安装到位，开出三通口。第二次必须在吊顶装饰吊龙骨时穿插安装支管
Spray support should be installed in two times: install horizontal pipe well before suspended ceiling and open three openings at the first time and insert support when decorating ceiling joist to suspended ceiling at the second time.
（五）给水管道冲洗、压力试验Water Supply Pipe Flushing and Pressure Test
1试压水源Water Supply for Pressure Test
试压水源为工程临时用水水源，利用每层临设用水点。Water supply for pressure test is taken from construction water for temporary purpose and set temporary water use sites in every floor.
为确保管道一次性试压成功，现场成立试压组。把管道系统按照设计的系统竖向分区分成若干段，分段分区单独试压， 系统全部完成后整体试压。
Establish pressure test team on site for the success of one-time pressure test of pipes. Divide pipe system into several sections according to designed vertical division block and have individual test of every section and block and final pressure test for the system as a whole.
2试压一般要求General Requirements for Pressure Test
2.1管道在隐蔽前做好单项水压试验，系统安装完后进行综合水压试验Take individual hydraulic tests before covering up pipes and have a comprehensive hydraulic test after the installation of system.
2.2试压前要先封好盲板，认真检查管路是否连接正确，有无管内堵死现象
Seal the blind plate and check carefully whether the pipeline is correctly connected and block phenomenon in the pipe before pressure test.
2.3管路上的各种阀门在安装前要拆开清洗，检查阀柄是否灵活，并经试压不漏后方可安装Take apart all valves along the pipeline for washing before installation, check whether valve handles are flexible. The valves can be installed after passing the pressure test.
2.4压力管道试压注水要从底部缓慢进行，等最高点放气阀出水，确认无空气时再打压，打至工作压力时检查管道以及各接口、阀门有无渗漏，如无渗透漏时再继续升压至试验压力，如有渗透漏时要及时修好，重新打压。如均无渗漏，持续规定时间内，观察其压力下降在允许范围内
Water for pressure test of pressure piping is injected slowly from the bottom until there is water from deflation valve at the top and suppress when there is no air. Continue to raise pressure to testing pressure when there is no leakage from pipes, all joints and valves after checking. Repairment should be done in time if there is leakage and resuppress. Obeserve pressure decline to allowed range within continuous set time if there is no leakage.
2.5压力管道试压设备采用电动打压泵或手动打压泵，试压用的压力表不少于2只，精度不得低于1.5级，量程要为试验压力值的1.5～2倍
The equipemnt for pressure test of pressure piping should be electric pressure pump or manual pressure pump with no less than 2 pressure gauges and with precision no less than 1.5 grade and measuring range should be 1.5~2 times that of pressure testing value.
2.6试压时要设多人进行巡回检查，严防跑水、冒水现象
Parol inspection is necessary to prevent metal breakout and sweating phenomenon during pressure test.
3管道试压Pipe Pressure Test
3.1与水泵连接的管道，试压按加压泵净水头的2倍进行，但不得小于0.75MPa
Pressue test should be twice that of pressure pump net head and no less than 0.75MPa for the pipe connected to water pump.
3.2高位水箱连接的管道，试压按水箱静水头的2倍进行，但不得小于0.75MPa
Pressue test should be twice that of water tank static head and no less than 0.75MPa for the pipe connected to high level cistern.
3.3金属给水管道系统在试验压力下先观测10分钟，压力降不得大于0.02 MPa，然后降到工作压力进行检查，要不渗不漏
Metal feedwater pipe should be first observed for 10 minutes under testing pressure. Decrease pressure of no more than 0.02Mpa and then decrease to working pressure and check to make sure there is no leakage.
3.4管道承压测试时间最少为60min
The time for pipe pressure-bearing test is 60 minutes.
4管道冲洗Pipe Flushing
在系统试压合格后，交付使用前进行冲洗试验，冲洗要以有压生活用水进行冲洗，直至水中不带泥沙、铁屑等夹质，且出口处水的颜色、透明度与入口处水的颜色基本一致时方为合格。After passing pressure test, flushing test is carried out for the system before taking over to use. Flush the system in confined water for life until there is no impurities such as silt and scrap iron in water and water at the outlet has almost the same color and transparency as that of water at the inlet.
4.1管路要分段分区进行冲洗。冲洗进水口及排水口要选择适当位置，各区的冲洗顺序按主干管、立管、支管的顺序，由上往下进行冲洗
Have individual flushing of pipeline for every section and block. Choose suitable positon as water inlet and water outlet for flushing and have up-town flushing in the order of principal pipes, vertical pipes and branch pipes.
4.2清洗前要将管路上的减压阀、滤网、温度计、止回阀等阻碍污物通过的部件拆下，对管道支架、吊架进行检查，必要时要采取加固措施。同时在各条管路上装设法兰盲板，并在盲板上接临时给水或排水管道
Dismantle parts which will block the flow of dirt such as relief valve, filter gauze, thermometer and check valve along the pipeline before flushing. Check pipe support and hanger and take measures to reinforce them if necessary. At the same time set blank flange in every pipeline and connect temporary feedwater pipe or drainage pipe on the blank.
4.3向管路内注满水保持系统内一定压力
Inject pipeline with water for full and keep the system at a fixed pressure.
4.4冲洗直径大于100mm的管道时，要对其焊缝、死角和底部进行敲打，但不得损伤管道Tap the welding line, blind angle and the bottom when washing pipes of more than 100mm diameter and take care not to damage pipes.
4.5对不能经受冲洗的设备和冲洗后可能存留脏物、杂物的管道段，如过滤器及除污器等，要进行清理
Clean devices which cannot stand washing and the pipe section which may have dirt and sundries left after washing such as filters or dirt separators.
4.6清洗合格后再装上拆下的部件
Reinstall the parts which are dismantled after enough washing.
5管道消毒Pipe Sterilizaion
饮用水管道在试压合格后交付使用前，宜采用0.03%高锰酸钾消毒液灌满管道进行消毒。消毒液在管道中要静置24h，排空后，再用饮用水冲洗。
After pressure test is passed, pipe for potable water should be sterilized in full pipe of 0.03% potassium permanganate disinfectant before it is taken over for use. Disinfectant should be left for rest of 24 hours in the pipe which after emptying of disinfectant is rinsed in potable water.
饮用水的水质要达到现行的国家标准。
Potable water should be up to the existing national standards for its water quality.
6管道泄水Pipe Drainage
试压后泄水关系到电气安全、成品保护和地下室干燥问题，必须加以重视，要单独编制泄水方案，对于较大的水量，要考虑回收重复利用的方案。
Pay great attention to pipe drainage after pressure test as it concerns electrical safety, finishd products protection and dryness of basement. It is necessary to make plans against pipe drainage and consider recovery and reuse for larger water volume.
建筑内各区各段试压后的泄水可考虑加装临时排水管道，排至邻近楼层的较大的水箱（池）内暂时贮存，以便重复利用；或者可用水龙带接至新的试压管道二次利用。
Consider to add temporary drainage pipeline for drainage after pressure test in the sections and blocks of buildings. Lay the pipeline to larger water tank of adjacent buildings for temporary store and reuse or connect pipeline to new pressure test pipes with water hose for reutilization.
系统泄水根据现场实际情况，加装临时管线，排至地下室消防及杂用水合用的砼水池，设临时水泵，重复利用以供应现场临时生产用水。
Lay temporary pipeline for drainage in view of the practical situation on site to concrete pools shared for firefighting and miscellaneous water in the basement and set temporary water pump for reuse and provide water for temporary production on site.
排水系统试验：无压管道灌水试验Drainage System Test
生活污水管、废水管道在隐蔽前必须做灌水试验，其灌水高度要以一层楼的高度要不低于底层卫生器具的上边缘或底层地面高度，满水最少30min。满水15min水面下降后，再灌满观察15min，液面不下降，管道及接口无渗漏为合格。
Water filling test should be done before covering up sanitary sewer and waste pipe with watering height of one storey higher than the upper edge of sanitary ware at bottom layer or the height of ground floor and keep injecting water for at least 30 minutes. When there is fall of water surface after 15 minutes of injection, continue to inject to full and observe for another 15 minutes with no drop of water surface and no leak from pipe or joints meaning qualified.
室外埋地排水管线施工工艺流程
Construction Technology Flow of Exterior Buried Water Discharge Line
施工准备 → 材料检验 → 管沟开挖 → 管沟清理 → 管道连接 → 管道防腐 → 管道敷设前检查 → 管道敷设 → 管道验收 → 分层回填夯实。
Construction Preparation – Materials Examination - Trench Excavation – Trench Cleaning – Pipe Connection – Pipe Preservation – Check before Laying Pipe – Pipe Laying – Pipe Acceptance Inspection – Refilling and Tamping layer-by-layer
卫生洁具安装Sanitary Appliance Installation
1工艺流程Process Flow
安装准备→管道预制→污水干管、立管、支管安装→通水通球试验→洁具安装→灌水试验Installation Preparation – Pipe Prefabrication – Installation of Main Pipe, Vertical Pipe and Branch Pipe for Sewage – Water Test and Ball Passing Test – Sanitray Appliance Installation – Water Filling Test
2安装一般要求General Requirements of Installation
2.1．按图纸要求的平面坐标，找准地面线，按器具的尺寸在地面、墙面栽好膨胀螺栓（并在螺栓上涂上密封胶，以免破坏防水），卫生器具的支托架必须牢固、平整，与器具结合必须严密；
Choose ground line according to the plane coordinate as required by drawings and place expansion bolt well in the ground and wall based on the size of equipment (cover bolt with sealant to prevent damage to its waterproof property). Make sure the support of sanitary appliance is firm and tidy and it must be tightly connected with appliance.
2.2．所有器具安装前必须将排水口覆盖物等管堵摘掉，将承口内清理干净方可安装；
Take away pipe plug like coverings at outlet before installing appliance and install the appliance after faucets are cleaned clear.
2.3．卫生器具的支、托架必须防腐良好，安装平整、牢固，与器具接触紧密、平稳；
The support and bracket of sanitary appliance must be good at antisepsis. They should be installed tidy and tight with close and stable connection with appliances.
2.4．卫生器具的给水配件应完好无损伤，接口严密，启闭部分灵活；
Water supply fittings of sanitary appliance should be complete with no damage, tight joint and be flexible to open and close.
2.5．卫生器具安装质量要求严格按施工验收规范的要求；
Installation quality of sanitary appliance should strictly follow the specification of construction and acceptance.
2.6．大便器排水口与排水管之间的缝隙均匀，缝间填满油灰，确保不渗漏。安装时，用比量法定位，即将便器底盘上抹满油灰，下水口抹油灰，插入下水管口，直接挂在墙面上，压实抹去底盘挤出油灰即可；
The crack between outlet of water closet and drainage pipe should be even and filled with putty to prevent leak. During installation, to locate with rough measurment method, that is to cover chassis of water closet and outlet with putty and insert outlet into sewer pipe orifice, all of which is then directly hung onto wall. Finally press off the chassis and squeeze out putty.
2.7．小便器采用挂墙式自动感应一体型小便器，后排水。可脱卸存水弯易于清扫。安装前后检查给、排水预留管口是否在一条垂线上，间距是否一致。符合要求后按照管口找出中心线，将下水管周围清理干净，将小便器稳装找平、找正，将小便器挂在挂钩上；
Use wall-hung auto sensing urinal for drainage. The trap of urinal could be dismantled, which makes it easy for cleaning. Before and after installation, check whether reserved feedwater and drain pipe orifices are in the same perpendicular line and whether they have same space length. Find out center line based on pipe orifice after meeting the requirements and clean the surrounding areas of sewer pipe. Finally fit urinals straightly and level and hang urinals onto hangers.
2.8．卫生洁具的安装尺寸可按具体规格选用。
Choose assembly dimensions of sanitary appliance according to specfic size.
3卫生器具安装允许偏差Permissible variation in sanitary appliance installation
4满水与通水试验Water Full Test and Water Test
4.1卫生洁具、地漏及地面清扫口等安装完成于交工前，应分系统（区、段）进行满水与通水试验
After installation of sanitary appliance, floor drainage and clean-out opening , water full test and water test should be carried out for every system (section and block) before taking over.
4.2室内给水系统按设计要求同时开放的最大数量的配水点是否全部达到额定流
Check whether the maximum quantity of distribution points in interior water supply system all achieve rated current as required by design.
4.3室内排水系统，按给水系统的1/3配水点同时开放，检查各排水点是否畅通，接口处有无渗漏
Interior drainage system has its distribution points opened simultaneously as many as 1/3 that of water supply system. Check whether all drain points are smooth and whether there is leak at the joint.
4.4具体的检验方法：满水15min水面下降后，再灌满观察5min，液面不降，各连接件如角阀、软管等不渗不漏，给、排水畅通，为合格
Specific inspection method: when water surface drops after 15 minutes of injection to full, re-inject water to full and observe for 5 minutes with the result of no drop of water surface, no leak from various fittings like corner valves and flexible hoses and smooth water supply and drainage meaning the test is passed.
高低压配电柜安装完成送电：
Power Transmission after Installation of High and Low Voltage Switch Boxes
2.2现场转运On-site Transit
变压器的垂直吊运与同变电室的其他高、低压配电柜同期进行，吊装前对吊装方案进一步论证和优化。地下室变压器用汽车吊从首层预留洞吊运，塔楼设备利用塔吊吊运设备层临时平台。变压器在楼层的水平移动按下图的方法进行。
Vertical swinging of transformer and other high & low voltage switch boxes should be carried out simultaneously. Have further argument and optimization of hoisting plan before hoisting. Swing basement transformer with mobile crane from first floor openings and swing scaffold on device layer with tower crane. The horizontal shift of transformer on floors is carried out as shown in the picture below.
变压器在移动过程中确保设备和人身安全。变压器运至安装位置后采用门型架、倒链就位。Make sure the equipment safety and human safety during the move of transformer. The transformer is fixed with door fixture and chain block after being transported to installation position.
2.3安装接线Wiring
变压器基础采用型钢，并安装弹簧减震器。变压器高压侧采用电缆连接，低压侧母线连接，均采用上进上出接线方案。
Shaped steel is used for the foundation of transformer which has spring shock absorber installed. Use cables to connect at high voltage side of transformer and generatrix at low voltage side, both connection of
2.4单体试验Monomer Test
2.4.1变压器特性值测量报告Measuring Reports of Transformer Characteristic Value
2.4.2绝缘试验Insulation Test
a、工频耐压试验Power Frequency Withstand Test b、感应耐压试验Induced over Voltage Withstand Test c、局部放电测量Partial Discharge Measurements
变压器安装就位前要对它进行绝缘电阻测试，绝缘电阻值大约为：高压对地=250MΩ，低压对地=50 MΩ，高压对低压=250MΩ。如果检测值明显低于前述，则检查变压器是否受潮。Insulation resistance test should be carried out before installation of transformer with insulation resistance value is about: high voltage versus ground =250MΩ, low voltage versus ground =50 MΩ, high voltage versus low voltage=250MΩ. If detection value is obviously less than the above, check whether the transformer is exposed to moisture.
变压器空载噪音测试。该测试试验在变配电系统通电（或临时通电）后进行，现场环境相对安静，建议在寂静深夜、门窗封闭的条件下进行。在离空载运行地变压器1m处选3~5点测试声压值。
Transformer no-load noise test. This test is carried out after transformer system is electrified (or temporarily electrified) in relatively quiet on-site environment. The test is suggested to be done in silent deep night with doors and windows closed.
在送电前，按中国电力部门的相关行业规定，还必须对变压器进行绕组直流电阻测试、绕组绝缘电阻测试、空载电流测试、短路试验、变比组别试验、交流耐压试验、额定电压下的冲击合闸试验、调压切换装置检查试验、检查相位等试验，以上试验按相关行业规定委托上海市电力公司实施。
Before power transmission, as required by related policies in China Electric Power Department, a series of tests should be carried out for transformer such as winding direct current resistance test, winding insulation resistance test, no-load current test, short circuit test, transformation ratio and type test, AC withstand voltage test, shock closing test under rated voltage, voltage regulation shifter checking test, phase check etc. All the above tests are carried out according to related policies in Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company entrusted.
2.5 其它相关要求Other Related Requirements
变压器在拆箱后，在投入运行前的大楼施工期间，要用塑料薄膜外裹保护，防潮和防止灰尘甚至金属屑的可能进入。
Wrap the transformer after unpacking with plastic film for protection from moisture and possible entry of metal fillings during the building construction before the transformer is to be used.
在进行电缆或母线与变压器连接施工操作时，必须使用人字梯或临时搭架子保证施工人员足够靠近接线端子，不得由变压器本体的任何部位承担施工人员得全部或部分重量。接线搭接面确保清洁，涂抹导电膏，螺栓紧固力矩符合设备接线要求说明。
During the connection operation of cables or generatrix with transformer, use step ladder or temporarily set stand to make sure construction crew can get to the terminals closely enough. It is not allowable for any part of transformer body to bear whole or part height of construction crew. The junction of bonding jumper should be clean and covered with conductive paste. And the tightening moment for bolt must fit with equipment wiring requirements.
2定货验收 Ordering and Acceptance
配电箱定货对应严格按图纸要求，应充分考虑箱内进出线的位置及预埋空间，相邻配电箱外形尺寸应尽量统一。配电箱进场时须进行检查验收，检查配电箱的外观、尺寸、规格型号、合格证、技术文件。箱内元件安装牢固，导线排列整齐，压接牢固，根据系统图，检查配电箱内的元器件是否完整，接线是否正确。
The corresponding ordering of distribution box shall be in strict accordance with the requirements of the drawing, giving full consideration to the position of access wires and the embedded space and ensuring the dimensions unity between the adjacent distribution boxes as far as possible. When the distribution boxes approach, acceptance checks shall be exercised to their appearances, dimensions, specifications, quality certificates and technical documents, checking whether the inside components are mounted, lines are neatly arranged and firmly crimped, the components inside the distribution boxes are complete and also the wiring is correct.
3配电箱安装 Distribution Box Installation
3.1挂壁明装 Surface Mounted Wall Hanging
根据进出电缆电线的方向及桥架的规格，在配电箱的顶部或底部开孔。配电箱的所有开孔处须用。橡胶皮保护孔的边缘，以防止损坏电线电缆。配电箱采用膨胀螺栓在墙上固定。
Open poles at the top or bottom of the distribution box according to the cable or wire direction and the cable tray specification. Rims of holes shall be protected by rubber to avoid any damage. The distribution box shall be mounted with expansion screw bolts on the wall.
隔墙上安装配电箱需要安装对拉螺杆固定。
Pull screws shall be mounted to fasten the installation of distribution box on the partion wall.
3.2落地明装 Surface Pedestal Mounting
落地配电箱安装用槽钢做支架固定，支架在打垫层以前安装并调整平整，支架的顶部距垫层表面4cm。
Pedestal mounting of the distribution box shall be fixed with support which should be adjusted leveling before the bedding layer is prepared and have a distance of 4cm to the surface of the bedding layer.
3.3箱内接线 Wiring inside the Distribution Box
箱内接线包括分回路的电线与配电箱元器件的连接，弱电消防等控制回路导线的压接。箱内接线总体要求为接线正确、配线美观、导线分布协调。同一接线端子最多允许压接两条导线。Wiring inside the distribution box consists of connection of wires of sub-loop and components of the distribution box and wire compression of control loop for weak current fire protection, etc. Wiring inside the distribution box generally requires correct wiring, aesthetic distribution as well as coordination of wiring arrangement. One terminal block shall allow no more than two wires at the same time.
电线与配电箱元器件的连接，根据导线的功能、线径及连接器件的种类采用不同的连接方式，共分为与母排连接、与断路器出线孔连接两种情况。与断路器连接的电线插入断路器的出线孔后，通过压紧螺丝固定，多股线搪锡后才能连接。与母排连接的电线通过接线端子连接。According to the function, diameter of wires as well as the types of the connection pieces, there are two ways of connection of wires and components of the distribution box: busbar connection and connection with the wire holes of circuit breaker. Wires after inserting the wire holes shall be fastened with pressing bolts and tin lining strands before connecting the circuit breaker. And wires shall be connected to busbar through the terminal block.
3.4线路绝缘测试 Line Insulation Test
箱内接线之后，对对配电箱内线路进行测试，主要包括进线电缆的绝缘测试、分配线路的绝缘测试、二次回路线路的绝缘测试。线路绝缘测试前，应断开电缆两端的空气开关，照明开关、设备连接点等，以保证绝缘测试结果准确无误。
Insulation test shall be exercised to the lines inside the distribution box after wiring, mainly including inlet cable insulation test, distribution line insulation test and secondary circuit line insulation test. Before the insulation test, air switches, light switches and equipment connection points on both sides of the cable shall be disconnected to ensure accuracy of the insulation test.
3.5配电箱进出电缆处封堵Cable Access Plugging of the Distribution Box
电缆电线绝缘摇测后，配电箱进线处需进行封堵处理。
Access of the distribution box shall be plugged after cable insulation shake test.
2定货及验收 Ordering and Acceptance
根据本工程情况，所有桥架连接件及固定件采用生产商配套产品。桥架运到施工现场后，需要对桥架的外观、尺寸、桥架板厚、数量、技术文件等进行检查验收。
According to the project situation, all the cable tray connectors and fixed parts shall apply the matching products from the manufacturer. After the cable trays have been delivered to the construction site, checks shall be performed to them before acceptance on their appearance, dimension, thickness, quantity and technical document, etc.
3桥架支架安装 Installation of Cable Tray Support
水平桥架支架采用φ12镀锌通丝圆钢作吊杆，镀锌角钢作横担，为了防止桥架摇晃，每隔1.5m及在桥架的转角处用型钢支架固定，支架采用膨胀螺栓在顶板上固定。支架吊杆的直径应根据桥架的宽度来选择，如下下表。
The horizontal cable tray support shall applyφ12 galvanized round steel harness as the booms and galvanized angle steel as the arms. Furthermore, in order to prevent shaking, the cable tray shall be fixed by steel support each 1.5m at the corners and the support shall apply expansion bolts to fix on the roof. The diameters of the booms shall correspond to the width of the cable tray, which is shown in the following table.
竖向桥架支架采用型钢制作，固定件应与桥架配套。支架固定在墙体或楼板上，采用膨胀螺栓固定。竖向桥架穿楼板时，需考虑防震的要求，使用弹簧支架。支架安装时，还应根据投标书要求，对有需要的部位安装减震支吊架。
The vertical cable tray shall be made of steel, and the fixed parts shall match with the cable tray. The support shall be fixed by expansion bolts on the wall or floor slab. For the consideration of shock-proof, spring bracket shall be applied when the vertical cable tray penetrates the floor slab. Shock absorbing supports and hangers shall be installed to the necessary parts in accordance with the bidding book when installing supports.
4桥架安装 Installation of Cable Tray
水平桥架在变配电室采用梯架，其余地方采用封闭式托盘桥架。电缆桥架连接时，应使用生产厂家配套的配件，桥架的三通、弯头处应满足桥架内所敷设电缆弯曲半径的要求。
Ladder shall be used for horizontal cable tray in electricity distribution room. In other places, the closed tray-type cable support can be applied. In connecting the cable trays, matching accessories from the manufacturer shall be applied, and the tee and bending of the cable tray shall meet the requirements of the bending radius of the cable laying inside the cable tray.
支架与楼板及墙体采用膨胀螺栓固定，桥架与支架之间采用圆头螺栓固定，螺栓的圆头在梯架的内侧。桥架与配电箱（柜）连接处采用橡胶板连接，以保护导线和电缆。
The support, floor slab and wall shall be fixed by expansion bolts, while the connection between the cable tray and the support shall be fixed by round-head bolts with the head at the inner side of the ladder. To protect wires and cables, the joint of cable tray and distribution box (cabinet) shall be connected by rubber sheet.
5桥架穿防火分区处理 Treatment of Cable Tray Crossing the Fire Compartment
桥架在穿防火分区时，必须对桥架与建筑物之间的缝隙做防火处理，防火材料须能防火3小时以上。
Fireproofing treatment must be carried out to the gap between cable tray and building when cable tray crosses the fire compartment. And the fire proof materials shall be capable of resisting fires for more than 3 hours.
6桥架支架及桥架接地 Capable Tray Support and Cable Tray Grounding
为了桥架的使用安全，桥架支架必须进行可靠的接地。桥架敷设完后，在配电房内对桥架进行接地，线槽上设置接地端子，通过金属软铜带与配电柜的接地母排连接。非镀锌桥架连接处应用铜芯线做导电连接，铜芯线截面不小于4mm^2。
For the safety use of cable tray, the support must be stably grounded. After the cable tray has been laid, they shall be grounded in the distribution room, and the the trunking should be set with ground terminal which is to connect with ground busbar on the distribution cabinet through soft copper strip. For non-galvanized cable tray, copper core wire shall be applied for conductive connection in the junction, the cross-section being no less than 4mm^2.
电气预埋 Electrical embedment
电套管安装
Electrical casing pipe installation
A、电管管口的螺纹长度，不宜过长或过短，与原管子的螺纹标准长度相等，一般的螺纹长度为15—20mm。
The thread length of the electric tube mouth should not be too long or too short. It shall be equal to the standard thread length of the original tube, the general thread length being 15-20mm
B、管子安装前必须清除管内毛刺和铁屑，电管接头应用束节。管子必须用钢锯或砂轮切割机切断，断口应用锉刀锉平，并锉掉毛刺，保证管口光滑，严禁用火焰切割。
Tubes must be removed prior to installation of glitches and iron scraps, and section beam shall be used for electric tube connection. Tubes shall be cut off by hacksaw or grinding wheel cutter, and the fracture shall be filed smooth and removed of glitches to ensure smooth nozzle. Flame cutting is strictly prohibited.
C、电管与电管连接之处，尽量避免用长螺纹接头，在特定情况下需要采用时，应将束结旋在电管螺纹长的一端，电管管口的螺纹与束节平，而束结前端要装一个钠子。当与另一根螺纹配管相接时，将束节退后旋，使束结在两端各旋上一半，最后使用钠子后退来压紧束结，这样管子不易折断。
Long thread should be avoided at the junction of electric tubes. If it is needed under specific circumstances, the beam section should be rotated at the tube side with the longer thread, and the thread at the tube mouth shall be at the same level of beam section, while a node shall be installed at the front end of the beam section. When it is connected to another thread tube, the beam section shall be back spinned so as to screw on both half ends of the beam section, and finally the beam section shall be compressed by backfordwarding the node so that the tube will be not easy to break.
D、电管与金属配电箱或过路箱连接，都要使用钠子拧紧，开孔均要用开孔器，开孔尺寸应与电管尺寸相匹配，且严禁用气割开孔。Electricity pipes and metal distribution box or boxes to connect crossings should be tightened using sodium son, are to use opening hole, and hole size should match the electric tube size, and is strictly prohibited to use gas cutting openings
E、电管在地平面弯上的管口应用塑料封口护卷。
Electric tube bending in the plane of the nozzle on the application of plastic seal retaining vol
F、灯头箱、过路箱浇捣在混凝土内的，管口要用封口护卷封好，箱子用不易腐烂的东西塞住，防止混凝土或灰浆进入管子内或箱子内。
Lamp box, crossing at ramming me pouring concrete, and retaining possession of the mouth to use sealing closure volume, and a box with something non-perishable stuff to prevent the concrete or mortar into the tube or box
G、电管的弯头应用符合要求的弯管或现场弯制，弯曲处不得产生皱裂现象，椭圆度不得超过管径的+10%，弯曲半径应符合下列要求：
Application of electric pipe bend to meet the requirements of the pipe or field bends the system may not have a wrinkle bend cracking phenomenon, ovality must not exceed +10% diameter, bending radius shall meet the following requirements
H、当敷设转角处的暗管时，应不小于管外径的6倍。
When the laying of underground pipe corner should be not less than 6 times the pipe outside diameter
I、当敷设在平地下或混凝土楼板内时，应不小于管外径的8倍。
When laying flat at the ground floor or concrete floor when it should be not less than 8 times the pipe outside diameter.
J、在土建砌砖墙前先做好砖墙内的配管工作，如果个别管子未放进砖墙内，或图纸修改增加的管子需凿墙面的，不得大范围破坏墙体，可用开槽机开槽，管子及箱盒敷设后应用100#水泥砂浆固定，保护层不应小于15mm。
At block brick wall construction brick wall before they do a good job within the piping job, if not into the brick walls of individual tubes, or drawings to be modified to increase the hammer and the wall of the tube, it may not be large-scale destruction of the wall, slotting machine can be used to open chutes, tubes and boxes after the laying of the application of 100 # cement mortar fixed, protective layer should be not less than 15mm
K、所有暗敷配管和明敷配管的跨接均应牢固可靠。
Concealed tubing and open tubing shall be secured and reliable.
开关灯具安装 Switch and Lamp Installation
1室内开关灯具安装 Indoor switch and lamp installation
1.1开关灯具定货 Swith and lamp ordering
本工程灯具为甲供。根据施工图中开关的大样图及招标技术规范，确定开关器具生产厂商并对开关灯具进行选型。制订每种灯具技术参数表。
Lamps used in this project are provided by party A. Switch manufacturer and switch models shall be selected according to the full-size drawing of switches and the technical specifications of bidding in the work drawing. And then the technical parameter table for each kind of lamp shall be established.
1.2进场验收 Site acceptance check
灯具进场之后，必须严格对灯具进行检查验收，检查灯具与设计要求的安装方式是否一致；检查灯具的外观、要求涂层完整，无损伤，附件齐全；查验灯具的合格证；对灯具的绝缘电阻、内部接线等性能进行现场抽样检测。
After the lamps have arrived, strict acceptance check shall be exercised to them so as to examine whether the installation method consists with the requirements of the design, the appearance including coating and accessories are complete, and whether there are quality licenses. And site sample test shall be carried out to examine the performance of insulation resistance and inside wiring, etc.
1.3嵌入式灯具安装 Installation of embedded lamps
嵌入式安装灯具包括一般照明系统中的荧光灯、筒灯、应急系统中的荧光灯、部分走廊安全出口灯、应急筒灯，嵌入式安装的荧光灯用φ9的圆钢做灯具的吊杆。办公区部分嵌入式荧光灯与风口等配合安装，需与各专业协调、配合安装。
Lamps embedded installed include fluorescent lamps and tube lamps of normal lighting system, fluorescent lamps of emergency system, part of the corridor exit lamps and emergency tube lamps. Installation of embedded fluorescent lamps shall applyφ9 round steel as the boom. Installation of embedded fluorescent lamps and air inlets in working area requires coordination of various specialized engineers.
当灯具在风管的下方，不能直接安装灯具的吊杆时，应设置独立的支架，不能直接固定在风管等支架、法兰上。
If the lamp is below the air duct and lamp boom cannot be directly installed, an independent support shall be set up instead of directly fixing on the support or flange of the ari duct, etc.
嵌入式筒灯用筒灯的卡具在装饰龙骨上固定，如果筒灯的重量超过1.5kg，则需用φ6圆钢吊杆固定筒灯，镇流器与灯具的本体分开的筒灯，镇流器需要单独固定。
Embedded tube lamps shall be fixed on the decorative keel by their fixtures. If the tube lamp is over 1.5kg in weight, it needs to be fixed byφ6 round steel booms. For tube lamp whose ballast is separated from the lamp body, the ballast needs to be solely fixed.
